This bonding of materials provides a variety of performance benefits in architectural applications. The most important characteristic is the ability of the interlayer(s) to support and hold the glass when broken. This provides for increased protection against fall-out and penetration of the opening. Most building codes require the use of laminated glass for overhead glazings as monolithic panels, or as the lower panel in multiple glazed units. Other applications include acoustical insulation, resistance to smash-and-grab burglaries, security, bullet resistant and safety glazing. Laminated glass is 75 percent to 90 percent as strong as annealed glass of the same thickness depending on exposed temperatures, aspect ratio, panel size, stiffness and load duration. The edges of laminated glass are less resistant than annealed glass to handling and installation damage. Laminated glass, however, can be made with both heat-strengthened and fully-tempered glass for additional benefits, such as resistance to additional wind loading strength, increased impact resistance or resistance to thermal stress. Quality standards for laminated glass are defined in ASTM C1172 ?Standard Specification for Laminated Architectural Glass.?